What Is the Difference Between a Hollow-Shaft Motor and a Solid-Shaft Motor?

Question

A hollow-shaft motor has a bore through the rotor for cables, shafts or optics to pass, while a solid-shaft motor uses a conventional output shaft. Hollow-shaft designs save space, simplify wiring and reduce height in compact robotic joints.

Accepted Answer

The Short Answer A hollow-shaft motor has a bore running through the center of the rotor, so cables, shafts, or optical elements can pass directly through the motor. A solid-shaft motor transmits motion through a conventional output shaft instead. Hollow-shaft designs are preferred in compact robotic joints because they save axial space, simplify cable routing, and eliminate the need for external cable management. Key Differences at a Glance FeatureHollow-Shaft MotorSolid-Shaft Motor Center boreYes, cables or shafts pass throughNo, solid rotor core Axial heightCompact, ideal for thin jointsRequires external cable routing space Wiring complexityReduced, cables stay inside the jointHigher in multi-axis assemblies Typical useHumanoid joints, robotic arms, gimbalsGeneral servo and drive applications When to Choose Each Type Choose a hollow-shaft motor when joint height is limited and cables must pass through the axis of rotation. Choose a solid-shaft motor when a standard coupling or pulley mount is simpler and through-axis routing is not needed. For multi-axis arms, hollow-shaft motors keep wiring organized and reduce failure points from cable strain. Browse Our Motor Range

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